Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC)

Founded: 1959.

The Pan Africanist Congress of Azania is a South African party launched in April 1959 and led by Mzwanele Nyhontso. Its 2024 national and provincial manifesto, "Our Land, Our Legacy", proposes an Africanist socialist state, repossession of land for the indigenous African people, state ownership of strategic assets and the Reserve Bank, re-industrialisation, free education and public health care, coal and uranium energy, stronger border control, restored authority for indigenous leaders, and a referendum on the Constitution.

Official website: https://pac.org.za/

Not yet reviewed by a human. These positions were placed by reading the sources below; each one links to the document it came from.

14 of 15 axes have a cited position. Axes without a published position are marked as such and are never scored.

Positions

Economy: state or market — -2.00

State-led: the state owns or directs key industries, sets prices and plans investment.Market-led: private ownership, deregulation, lower taxes and a smaller state.

State-led: the state owns or directs key industries, sets prices and plans investment.

To establish state owned companies responsible to run efficient production of goods and services across all sectors in order to minimize drive for profit at this critical stage of building a nation.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 6. Towards Economic Surge (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Land reform and expropriation — -1.50

Expropriation without compensation and state custodianship of land.Strong property rights; redistribution only through willing-buyer/willing-seller and the courts.

Expropriation without compensation and state custodianship of land.

A Pan Africanist social contract will formulate a legal framework for the repossession of land to be restored to its rightful owners—the African people.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 5.1 The Land Question (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

BEE and race-based redress — -1.50

Race-based redress expanded: BEE, employment equity and ownership targets enforced.Race-based redress phased out or replaced by non-racial, class-based or need-based measures.

Race-based redress expanded: BEE, employment equity and ownership targets enforced.

To achieve an authentic representation of our demographics in the economy, the following measures for uplifting targeted groups in our society will be implemented: ... The PAC government, committed to deracialisation, will utilize its political power to enhance the economic well-being of Africans.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 6.1 Deracialisation of the Economy (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Labour market — No published position found

No published position found. This axis does not count towards the match.

Healthcare and NHI — -1.00

Universal public health care: a publicly funded and publicly provided National Health Insurance with a smaller private sector.Private provision: medical schemes and market competition carry most of the system, with a smaller public role.

Leaning towards: universal public health care: a publicly funded and publicly provided national health insurance with a smaller private sector.

The promotion of quality health care system backed by objective public funding with the intend to elevate the status of health care facilities from primary health care to hospitals shall be enhanced.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 15. Health (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Education — -1.50

State-directed schooling: a central curriculum, expanded free public education and tighter regulation of independent schools.Parental choice: independent schools, charter-type models and market mechanisms in education.

State-directed schooling: a central curriculum, expanded free public education and tighter regulation of independent schools.

Under the PAC government, education shall be free, accessible to all and shall be planned in line with the following objects:

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 14. Education (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Crime and policing — -1.50

Enforcement-first: more police and soldiers on the streets, harsher sentences, fewer procedural limits on the state.Prevention-first: community policing, restorative justice, and civil-liberties safeguards.

Enforcement-first: more police and soldiers on the streets, harsher sentences, fewer procedural limits on the state.

Ruthless actions against crime ... The army of the country must be repurposed to be utilised to address this.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 28. National Security (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Immigration — -1.00

Restrictive: tighter borders, limits on foreign nationals, deportation of undocumented migrants.Open: freer movement, rights for migrants, and regional integration.

Leaning towards: restrictive: tighter borders, limits on foreign nationals, deportation of undocumented migrants.

Unless this are attained each state must remain independent, within secured geographical boundaries; and manage its borders and its inhabitants therein.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 11. Border Management (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Energy and climate — +1.50

Rapid decarbonisation: coal phase-out, renewable generation and climate commitments prioritised.Energy security first: continued coal, gas or nuclear generation and a slower transition.

Leaning towards: energy security first: continued coal, gas or nuclear generation and a slower transition.

There shall be promotion of energy independence, through exploitation of coal and uranium as primary sources of energy.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 13. Our National Energy Programme (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Federalism and devolution — -1.50

Centralised: a unitary state where national government sets policy and lower tiers have limited discretion.Devolved or federal: more powers, budgets and discretion for provinces and municipalities.

Centralised: a unitary state where national government sets policy and lower tiers have limited discretion.

The PAC advocates for a unified state that upholds national values, encompassing goods and services, moral standards, justice, safety, security, transparency, and accountability.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 3. Building a Functional, Dependable and Reliable State (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Traditional leadership — -1.50

Expanded role: traditional leaders hold formal powers over governance, land and customary law.Limited role: elected structures and individual constitutional rights take precedence over customary authority.

Expanded role: traditional leaders hold formal powers over governance, land and customary law.

The PAC values structures of indigenous leadership and advocate for their authority to be reinstalled. ... The land is restored to indigenous leaders through various interventions like restitution.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 20. Indigenous African Leadership (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Social values — +0.50

Conservative: law reflects religious or traditional morality, with narrower reproductive and LGBTQ+ rights.Liberal: secular law, with expanded gender, reproductive and LGBTQ+ rights.

Between the two poles

Through our liberation doctrine women shall be free to exercise their rights as equal citizens. We intend to break down the tenets of patriarchy and build a society in which gender orientation will be of no significance.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 8. Gender Equality (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Foreign policy — -1.50

Non-aligned and Global South: closer ties with BRICS, Russia, China and Palestine, with distance from Western powers.Western-aligned: closer ties with the United States, the European Union and other liberal democracies.

Non-aligned and Global South: closer ties with BRICS, Russia, China and Palestine, with distance from Western powers.

The PAC’s position, in leveling the playing field, seeks to democratize the international governance through equal participation and respect for sovereignty of states.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 21. On International Relations (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Anti-corruption and governance — -0.50

Expanded oversight: independent anti-corruption bodies with stronger investigative powers, asset forfeiture and procurement transparency.Smaller state machinery: fewer new bodies and regulations, with corruption handled through existing criminal law and the courts.

Between the two poles

The PAC commit to absolute morally sound government with consequences on every transgression that may be committed by leadership.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 4. Building a Patriotic Nation (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)

Local service delivery — -1.00

Centralised delivery: national standards and national or provincial intervention where councils fail.Municipal self-reliance: councils and communities decide, with private or community providers used where they work better.

Leaning towards: centralised delivery: national standards and national or provincial intervention where councils fail.

In the PAC-led government, provincial legislatures will be replaced by effective provincial administration overseeing municipality performance.

PAC Manifesto 2024 – National and Provincial Elections , 3. Building a Functional, Dependable and Reliable State (manifesto, 2024-02-27; accessed 2026-10-18)